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Addressing in contemporary European Portuguese
Knollová, Eva ; Hricsina, Jan (advisor) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (referee)
The presented thesis handles the theme of the addressing in European Portuguese. It is started with the critics of the existing terminology and in order to express the complexity of the current reality in the studied language more clearly, the author introduces the term of the allocution form which includes the addressing with pronouns (i.e. tu used with 2SG, você - 3SG, vós - 2PL and vocês - 3PL), as well as with the titles (e.g. o senhor / a senhora (Mr/Mrs) with variants combined with further titles and name/surname). It is worth to add that the work focuses on the indirect (or subjective) addressing (i.e. integrated into the phrase structure). The starting point of the own research is the theoretical basis comprising both external (Czech manuals, French vision by TEYSSIER 1989) and internal (based on Portuguese Grammars and studies) views of the issue. The research itself is inspired by author's personal language experience and the incertitude of the mother tongue speakers. The research method was realized by two questionnaires. The first of them (D1) gained 21 respondents coming from the academic ambient of Porto. The 2nd one (D2) covers a significantly larger amount of participants (202) as well as a wider socio-demographic and geographical structure (people of different professions from all...
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Forms of address in Finnish in the context of dynamic politeness norms
Štauberová, Markéta ; Sherman, Tamah (advisor) ; Fárová, Lenka (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the current state of select politeness phenomena in Finnish which are expressed through language structure, namely the forms of address. My main research questions were: How do Finnish native speakers use T- and V-forms? Has there been any perceived development in the use of address forms in Finnish in the past ten years? Are there any special situations, occasions, places or institutions (...) in which speakers expect particular form of address? Have they experienced any recent changes? How is the possible rise in use of the V-form connected to the use of other politeness expressions in Finnish? The thesis begins with a general description of the most significant theoretical approaches to politeness. It, then, defines a place of forms of address within the linguistic politeness. The main theoretical basis for the thesis is linguistic pragmatics, in which politeness is seen as a dynamic interpersonal activity. Not only is politeness a linguistic phenomenon but it is also a matter of social behaviour. Therefore, it differs culturally but also situationally. In the second chapter, I examine the Finnish forms of address as a linguistic phenomenon. First, I consider nominal and pronominal forms of address, second, I explain the grammatical base for Finnish...
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Forms of address in Finnish in the context of dynamic politeness norms
Štauberová, Markéta ; Sherman, Tamah (advisor) ; Fárová, Lenka (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the current state of select politeness phenomena in Finnish which are expressed through language structure, namely the forms of address. My main research questions were: How do Finnish native speakers use T- and V-forms? Has there been any perceived development in the use of address forms in Finnish in the past ten years? Are there any special situations, occasions, places or institutions (...) in which speakers expect particular form of address? Have they experienced any recent changes? How is the possible rise in use of the V-form connected to the use of other politeness expressions in Finnish? The thesis begins with a general description of the most significant theoretical approaches to politeness. It, then, defines a place of forms of address within the linguistic politeness. The main theoretical basis for the thesis is linguistic pragmatics, in which politeness is seen as a dynamic interpersonal activity. Not only is politeness a linguistic phenomenon but it is also a matter of social behaviour. Therefore, it differs culturally but also situationally. In the second chapter, I examine the Finnish forms of address as a linguistic phenomenon. First, I consider nominal and pronominal forms of address, second, I explain the grammatical base for Finnish...
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The transfer of (im)politeness in interpreting
Kavínová, Martina ; Jettmarová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Ott, Libor (referee)
While the linguistic concept of politeness has been thoroughly analyzed, the same does not apply to its interpreting. The present theoretical-empirical work describes the means for expressing politeness grouped by G. Leechʼs maxims of politeness. The empirical part analyzes recordings of simultaneous interpretation from media and European Parliament settings. This is a quantitative study and the outcome is the number of means for expressing politeness which the interpreters conveyed into Czech. On average and in all of the material 65,7 % of means for expressing politeness were conveyed into Czech in compliance with the maxims. The means analyzed are prosody, non-verbal communication, modality, personal reference, etc. An equivalent interpretation of means of politeness was deemed desirable. The thesis verifies the hypothesis whether the level of politeness significantly increased in comparison with the original speeches. Key words: politeness, pragmatics, illocutionary act, maxims of politeness, face, modality, prosody, non- verbal communication, Czech, English, interpreting, equivalence, US presidential debate, Obama, Romney, Common Agricultural Policy, European Parliament, Catherine Ashton, forms of address
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Voseo, its evolution and present
Bocková, Tereza ; Mištinová, Anna (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
This work approaches the phenomenon called voseo from two different points of view: synchronic and diachronic. At the beginning, the work compares verbal and pronominal systems in Spain and Hispanic America, then analyses the evolution of voseo with the help of writings from given periods (from Cid to Classicism). In addition, it examines how different grammars (from the first grammar of Nebrija to the newest grammar of the Royal Spanish Academy) see this phenonomenon. In the part dedicated to the synchronic view, it describes voseo in different states with the help of the corpus of the Royal Spanish Academy.
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Addressing in contemporary European Portuguese
Knollová, Eva ; Hricsina, Jan (advisor) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (referee)
The presented thesis handles the theme of the addressing in European Portuguese. It is started with the critics of the existing terminology and in order to express the complexity of the current reality in the studied language more clearly, the author introduces the term of the allocution form which includes the addressing with pronouns (i.e. tu used with 2SG, você - 3SG, vós - 2PL and vocês - 3PL), as well as with the titles (e.g. o senhor / a senhora (Mr/Mrs) with variants combined with further titles and name/surname). It is worth to add that the work focuses on the indirect (or subjective) addressing (i.e. integrated into the phrase structure). The starting point of the own research is the theoretical basis comprising both external (Czech manuals, French vision by TEYSSIER 1989) and internal (based on Portuguese Grammars and studies) views of the issue. The research itself is inspired by author's personal language experience and the incertitude of the mother tongue speakers. The research method was realized by two questionnaires. The first of them (D1) gained 21 respondents coming from the academic ambient of Porto. The 2nd one (D2) covers a significantly larger amount of participants (202) as well as a wider socio-demographic and geographical structure (people of different professions from all...
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Spoken Danish in the Contemporary Danish Literature and its Translation into Czech
Cmíralová, Markéta ; Březinová, Helena (advisor) ; Hartlová, Dagmar (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the methods used by translators when translating spoken language in contemporary Danish fiction into Czech. In the first chapter, the Czech translation tradition is defined. This tradition influences Czech usage and tendencies. The second chapter introduces the features of stylized language reflected in literature written in Czech. As will be shown, these are mainly lexicological and morphological features and related stylistical means. The following chapters are devoted to the analysis of individual features of stylized language and their translation into Czech. Discussed are loanwords, diminutives, expletives, morphological changes, realia and politeness. The translated units are compared with Czech translation tradition and literature written in Czech.
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Methods and forms of presentation of Business Intelligence solutions to potential customers
Křemenák, Jakub ; Pour, Jan (advisor) ; Zajíc, Ján (referee)
In my work I deal with forms and methods of reaching potential clients. It is mainly about ways to reach potential customers and how they take to start thinking about buying our products and services company. This work is theoretical and is divided into three parts. The first part discusses specific ways to reach potential clients. The second section describes how to behave and act when we are in contact with the client, or when presenting for a wider audience. The last section is devoted to the benefits of BI systems, and describe people with whom we come into contact in the sale of information systems, and who decide about purchase our product or not.
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